Tune in for Love (2019) ☆☆1/2(2.5/4): As they try to be in tune with each other

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South Korean “Tune in for Love” is so familiar in terms of story and characters that you will clearly guess what you are going to listen and watch even before tuning in to it at the beginning. While it is fairly competent in its commendable presentation of period mood and details to be appreciated, the movie is rather deficient in case of storytelling and characterization, and I only came to observe it from the distance while not caring much about its two good-looking lead characters.

They are Mi-soo (Kim Go-eun) and Hyeon-woo (Jung Hae-in), and the movie begins with their Meet Cute moment in 1994. While Mi-soo is an adolescent girl running a small family bakery along with a family friend named Eun-ja (Kim Gook-hee), Hyeon-woo is a teenage boy who has just been released from a juvenile reformatory, and he happens to drop by Mi-soo’s bakery as looking for a certain thing for commemorating his release. Although their first encounter is pretty awkward to say the least, Hyeon-woo is eventually hired as a part-time assistant, and we gradually come to notice the growing mutual feeling between him and Mi-soo.

However, not so surprisingly, Hyeon-woo soon gets himself involved again with his several fellow juvenile delinquents, who were sent to the juvenile reformatory along with him after a very unfortunate incident at their high school. As shown from one brief flashback scene, the incident was caused by a reckless act of theirs, and they all are bitter and morose about how it has ruined their life, though the movie is rather vague about whether they feel any guilt about that irreversible consequence.

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Anyway, Hyeon-woo later comes to disappear from Mi-soo’s life without any explanation, and the movie promptly moves forward to 1997. As the whole country is struck by a big financial crisis, the resulting social/economic effect comes upon Mi-soo’s small neighborhood, and we see her bakery being out of business. At least, Mi-soo manages to finish her college education mainly thanks to Eun-ja, who has been like a big sister to her for years and did not mind at all paying her college tuition instead of her.

Not long after she gets employed as a clerk at some big factory, Mi-soo happens to come across Hyeon-soo, and both of them are glad to see each other again, but, alas, it turns out that Hyeon-soo is going to begin his military service on the very next day. After spending the cozy night along with him at her small and shabby residence, she makes an e-mail account for him for their future correspondence, and I must say that I could not help but become a bit nostalgic as watching her using Window 95.

However, Mi-soo and Hyeon-soo become disconnected from each other due to a small basic mistake. Of course, they come to encounter each other again by sheer coincidence in 2000, but then, not so surprisingly, they soon get separated from each other again because of a legal trouble which Hyeon-soo inadvertently gets himself into thanks to his old friends, and that surely hurts Mi-soo a lot.

I think any sensible woman would seriously consider staying away from Hyeon-soo once and for all, but Mi-soo still finds herself attracted to him when she comes across him again in 2004. While she is working at a small but fairly successful publishing company, several film students happen to move into the upstairs, and, yes, one of them turns out to be Hyeon-soo. We soon see them spending some time with each other, and the situation seems to be more stable than before as they come to get closer to each other than before.

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However, as many of you already guessed, there comes another trouble between them, and then the movie is hampered by several contrived melodramatic moments. While the part associated with Hyeon-soo’s past is rather half-baked, a subplot involved with a supporting character played by Park Hae-joon feels quite superficial, and the expected finale, which is accompanied with a certain famous real-life radio show which has often appeared throughout the film, does not work that well as merely pushing our two main characters toward the perfunctory ending.

Anyway, the two lead performers of the movie try as much as they can for filling their respective roles. Kim Go-eun, who drew our attention for the first time via her breakthrough performance in director/writer Jeong Ji-woo’s previous film “A Muse” (2012), is as charming and likable as required, and she and Jung Hae-in play with each other mostly well on the screen, though Jung’s acting is often a little too bland to compensate for his weak character. In case of several notable supporting performers in the film, they are not particularly utilized well on the whole, but the special mention must go to Kim Gook-hee, who simply steals the show as the most colorful character in the movie.

In conclusion, “Tune in for Love” is not entirely without charm and entertainment, and it will not disappoint you if you just want to watch a familiar and conventional romance drama, but I must point out to you that it is less interesting compared to several notable works in Jeong’s solid filmmaking career such as “A Muse” or “Fourth Place” (2015), a small under-appreciated gem which I belatedly came to watch a few days ago. No, I do not dislike it, but, to be frank with you, I said to myself “Thumbs down!” as walking out of the screening room, and I guess that says a lot about how I felt and thought about it.

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Fourth Place (2015) ☆☆☆1/2(3.5/4): What does really matter to this swimmer boy?

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South Korean film “Fourth Place” surprised me as defiantly swimming across lanes of genre conventions with grace and tact. At first, the movie merely seems to be a simple educational tale on teaching and student civil rights, but then it often engages us a lot more than expected via its unexpectedly thoughtful and complex human drama, and you will come to reflect more on what really matters to its little young hero, while also quite touched by several powerful human moments in the film.

The movie begins with the prologue sequence showing the gradual downfall of a promising teenage swimmer named Gwang-soo (Jung Ga-ram) in 1998. While he was one of the best guys in his national swimming team preparing for a big international competition, Gwang-soo was often negligent in his training as dabbling in drinking and gambling, and, not so surprisingly, there eventually came a point when his coach became quite furious for his latest case of negligence. As a consequence, the coach beat him pretty hard for punishment, and that prompted Gwang-soo to quit the team in the end.

The story moves forward to 16 years later, and we are introduced to an elementary school boy named Joon-ho (Yoo Jae-sang). Although he really likes swimming and also seems to have real athletic potentials, his competition results have not been exactly terrific these days as reflected by the very title of the movie, and his mom Jeong-ae (Lee Hang-na) has felt quite frustrated about that as a mother zealously living for vicarious satisfaction from her son. She tries to looks for any possible way to improve her son’s swimming ability, and that is how she comes to know about a certain coach who will not hesitate from harsh tactics for training his young athletes.

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Of course, the figure in question is none other than Gwang-soo, who is now played by Park Hae-joon. During his first meeting with Joon-ho and his mother, Gwang-soo impresses them enough to be hired in the end, but it soon turns out that he is not particularly interested in spending time and efforts on Joon-ho. Right from their first day, he and Joon-ho spend their time on playing computer games instead of swimming, and Joon-ho does not mind that at all because he is not so interested in being coached by Gwang-soo from the beginning.

However, as time goes by, Joon-ho becomes a bit more competitive than before, especially after having a small talk with one of other young swimmers in his neighborhood. He subsequently demands the real coaching from Gwang-soo. and Gwang-soo comes to agree to coach him real hard once he sees that Joon-ho does have the right stuff for being a good swimmer.

And then the movie begins to disturb us with a series of uncomfortable moments. As applying to Joon-ho what he learned from his coach in the past, Gwang-soo often beats Joon-ho in the name of tough teaching, and it does not take much for Jeong-ae to learn of what has been going on between her son and Gwang-soo, but she decides to ignore it mainly because her son begins to show improvement. This may look crazy for some of you, but what is shown in the film is not so far from what has been inflicted on many young students in South Korea, and I must confess that I still vividly remember how I and my schoolmates were often beaten by our teachers or parents for not doing homework or not getting good test scores.

The circumstance becomes more complicated when Joon-ho’s father Yeong-hoon (Choi Moo-sung) accidentally comes to learn of Gwang-soo’s abusive teaching. As already shown from the prologue scene, there is some unpleasant past between Gwang-soo and Yeong-hoon, and we get a quiet but tense scene between them when they eventually meet each other again for talking about Joon-ho.

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As calmly following the development of the conflicts among its main characters, the screenplay by director Jeong Ji-woo and his co-writer Kim Min-ah is often thought-provoking in its sobering depiction of that toxic cycle of violence in South Korean education system, which, believe or not, has been actually condoned by parents and teachers for many years. As Jeong-ae deliberately looks away in other direction because she thinks she is doing the right thing for her son, Gwang-soo simply follows what he learned from his coach while believing without any doubt that the ends justify the means, and we cringe as watching Joon-ho suffering and then becoming an abuser later in the story.

At the same time, the story also shows considerable understanding and empathy to its main characters without making any cheap excuse. For example, we often observe Gwang-soo and Jeong-ae from the distance as they show more of their unlikable aspects along the story, but we still understand their motives and behaviors which are not entirely black-and-white, and they come to us complex human figures as they respectively come to have each own doubts and regrets in the end.

As the movie skillfully handles its story and characters, its subjects and messages are organically delivered, and there are also several poetic moments which beautifully convey to us how much Joon-ho is drawn to swimming despite his agony and confusion. I especially like a lovely underwater scene where he freely swims for himself during one night, and I also appreciate how the movie never loses its focus at all during the eventual finale, which confidently defies expected sports drama conventions.

On the whole, “Fourth Place”, whose production was incidentally commissioned by National Human Rights Commission of Korea, distinguishes itself for not only storytelling and performance but also its considerable cinematic qualities, and it is a shame that it was quickly forgotten after it was released in South Korea three years ago. This is a little precious gem which deserves more attention in my inconsequential opinion, and I assure you that it will do far more than public service for you.

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Cemetery of Splendour (2015) ☆☆☆(3/4): Baffling but intriguing

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Apichatpong Weerasethakul’s “Cemetery of Splendour” alternatively baffled and intrigued me. Just like his previous film “Uncle Boonmee Who Can Recall His Past Lives” (2010), the movie intentionally blurs the line between reality and fantasy in its own idiosyncratic way, so I found myself scratching my head from time to time, but I admired its outcomes as gradually discerning what it attempts to do under its seemingly dry realistic atmosphere mixed with local cultural elements.

During its first 40 minutes, the movie lets us slowly immersed in the main background of its story. At first, we see a bunch of unconscious guys in a temporary clinic which was previously an elementary school, and we come to gather that they are soldiers who have been under the influence of some mysterious sleeping sickness. While they mostly look all right on the surface, they have been stuck in their comatose status without any sign of recovery, and all those doctors and nurses at the clinic can do for them is making their environment as comfortable as possible.

One of the nurses is a woman named Jenjira (Jenjira Pongpas), and we observe small and big things around her as she takes care of the soldiers at the clinic day by day. At one point, we see a young female medium using her psychic powers to help visitors communicate with the soldiers, and then we watch a bunch of special electric equipments being installed around the soldiers for making their comatose status more relaxing.

Leisurely moving from one episodic moment to another, the movie surely demands some patience from us, but it keeps engaging us nonetheless as occasionally showing some sense of humor. There is a brief naughty moment where the camera phlegmatically observes a certain unpleasant physiological activity from the distance, and you may be tickled a bit whenever the movie shows a hen and her bunch of chicks sauntering around the clinic.

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And then something strange happens to Jenjira on one day. When she is handling one of the soldiers on one day, he somehow regains his consciousness and then begins to talk to her. His name is Itt (Banlop Lomnoi), and he and Jenjira soon come to sense something clicking between them, but, unfortunately, he is still not totally free from that sleeping sickness, and that makes Jenjira care more about him than before, as reflected by the scene where she sincerely prays at the shrine located around a nearby lake.

After that scene, there comes another odd moment which may catch you off guard. As the camera statically watches Jenjira spending some time alone not long after praying at the shrine, a pair of fair young ladies suddenly enter the screen, and the mood becomes quite surrealistic as they casually reveal to Jenjira their true identity, which, to our amusement, does not surprise Jenjira much probably because of her cultural background.

Anyway, these two ladies tell Jenjira that there is a certain mythic ancient site right beneath the clinic, and it looks like whatever has been happening on the other side is connected with the soldiers’ sleeping sickness. As spending more time with Itt, Jenjira becomes more curious about the other side, and their situation eventually culminates to a long sequence where the aforementioned medium gladly lets herself possessed by Itt’s spirit for Jenjira in a way which may take you back to that famous scene between Whoopi Goldberg and Demi Moore in “Ghost” (1990)

Even around that narrative point, the movie sticks to its restrained attitude as usual, but Weerasethakul and his cinematographer Diego García provide us a number of splendid visual moments to be savored. While I found myself mesmerized by a static long-take shot which simply observes the changing lights in those special electric equipments for the soldiers, I was also impressed a lot by a pensive nocturnal scene which also deftly utilizes lightings, and I still vividly remember a hallucinogenic moment experienced by Jenjira at one point later in the story.

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In addition, the movie also works as a low-key character drama as Jenjira comes to show more of herself via her supposedly platonic relationship with Itt. Although she already married more than once and is currently living with her latest husband (He never appears in the film, by the way), that does not stop her from getting closer to Itt, and he does not mind that at all, while a bit amused by the fact that he is another solider guy in her life.

However, I am not so sure about whether I really absorbed and understood everything in the film, which is often as oblique and elusive in terms of themes and details as “Uncle Boonmee Who Can Recall His Past Lives”. According to Wikipedia, the sleeping sickness in the movie is used as a metaphor for personal and Thai societal issues, so I guess I really need to do some study before revisiting it someday, but I must tell you that the movie did not elicit anything visceral from me during my viewing.

Overall, “Cemetery of Splendor” is not something you can freely watch on Sunday afternoon, and you may dismiss it as another artsy film made only for critics, but, considering its distinctive mood and style coupled with interesting cultural aspects, I think you should give it a chance someday. Yes, I am still not as enthusiastic about the film as other critics, but I will not deny that it is another curious work from one of the most fascinating filmmakers in our time.

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The House of Us (2019) ☆☆☆1/2(3.5/4): An intimate summer story of three young girls

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I could not help but smile as watching South Korean film “The House of Us”, which is another remarkable work from director/writer Yoon Ga-eun. The movie presents its three young main characters and their daily life with considerable intimacy and empathy, and it surely amused me and then touched me as vividly and thoughtfully depicting how they try to cope with their impending domestic matters.

The movie opens with the ongoing quarrel between the parents of Ha-na (Kim Na-yeon), an 11-year-old girl who is well aware of the increasingly tense mood between her parents. As watching them harshly clashing with each other right in front of her, she feels helpless and worried, but her older brother does not provide much comfort or support while staying away from the quarrel as much as possible, and Ha-na has no choice but to maintain the status quo as much as she can, though she does not succeed that much despite her sincere efforts.

And then there comes a little positive change into her unhappy daily life. While Ha-na is doing the shopping for groceries at a local supermarket instead of her mother, a little girl and her older sister happen to draw Ha-na’s attention, and they are Yoo-jin (Joo Ye-rim) and Yoo-mi (Kim Si-ah). When Ha-na later encounters Yoo-jin, Yoo-jin happens to be lost after accidentally getting herself separated from her older sister, and Ha-na comes to spend some time with Yoo-jin while trying to locate Yoo-mi.

Eventually, they come across Yoo-mi, who has been searching for Yoo-jin here and there in their neighborhood. As appreciating the little kindness from Ha-na, Yoo-mi invites Ha-na to a little place where she and her younger sister have lived for a while, and we get to know more about them along with Ha-na. While they have frequently moved from one place to another along with their parents, Yoo-jin and Yoo-mi also usually have to live by themselves as their parents are busy with their business outside, but they have taken care of themselves pretty well, and we notice that their current residence looks mostly neat and clean on the whole.

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Mainly because they do not have any friend to hang around with, Yoo-jin and Yoo-mi want to spend more time with Ha-na, and Ha-na gladly enjoys the companionship of them while occasionally demonstrating her particular set of cooking skills. Although she is more worried as the circumstance at her home becomes more tense and problematic than before, she feels fine and happy whenever she is with her two new friends, and it looks like nothing will be changed as they leisurely go through their bright hot summer days.

However, there soon comes a point where they all face harsh reality in each own way. When her parents suddenly become less hostile to each other and are also willing to take a little summer trip along with their two children as Ha-na has hoped, Ha-na is relieved for a while, but then, not so surprisingly, she subsequently comes to learn of a certain important decision made by her parents. In case of Yoo-mi and Yoo-jin, they come to learn that they and their parents will soon move to some other place, and it seems there is really nothing they can do about that.

During the third act, the mood becomes more serious as our three young heroines put themselves into a potentially risky circumstance, but the movie never loses its lightweight touches as deftly balancing itself between humor and drama. While we are amused a lot by how innocent they are, we also come to understand and empathize a lot with their desperate emotional needs, and the movie also shows considerable care and attention to Ha-na’s family members, who are revealed to have each own emotional matters to struggle with.

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Above all, the three young lead performers of the movie are simply fantastic in their unadulterated natural acting. While Kim Na-yeon is superb in several key scenes in the film which depend a lot on her expressive face, Kim Si-ah is equally wonderful in her plucky performance, and Joo Ye-rim holds her own place well around her two co-performers. Whenever these three young performers are put together on the screen, the movie sparks with lively spontaneity, and Yoon shows here again that she is a skillful filmmaker who does know how to draw good performances from child performers.

Yoon also utilizes well several other main cast members of the film. While Choi Jung-in shines in an unexpectedly tender scene where her character has a considerate conversation with Ha-na, Lee Joo-won is effective during his several intense scenes with Choi, and Ahn Ji-ho is also fine as another small but crucial part of the story. In addition, it was extra fun for me to spot the several main cast members of Yoon’s previous work “The World of Us” (2016) briefly appearing in the film, and that surely made me want to revisit “The World of Us”, which I incidentally chose as the best South Korean film of 2016.

Overall, “The House of Us” is a charming piece of work to be admired and appreciated for many good reasons, and it is certainly another forward step in Yoon’s growing filmmaking career. Like a number of notable South Korean female filmmakers during last ten years, she brings a fresh and exciting air of change to South Korean cinema, and “The House of Us” reminds me again that she deserves to be mentioned as much as Park Chan-wook or Bong Joon-ho. In short, this is one of the best South Korean films of this year, and I sincerely urge you not to miss it at any chance.

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Futuro Beach (2014) ☆☆☆(3/4): After leaving the beach

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“Futuro Beach”, a Brazilian-German film directed by Karim Aïnouz, is a dispassionate but interesting queer drama to observe and appreciate. Although it is often a bit too oblique and distant in terms of story and characters, the movie steadily engages us via its indelible style and mood, and you may come to admire how it subtly and thoughtfully presents the emotional tension among its three main characters.

At the beginning, we see a pair of German motorcyclists enjoying their time at Praia do Futuro, or Futuro Beach, of Fortaleza, Brazil. After riding their motorcycles across a wide sand field near the beach, these two guys promptly plunge themselves into the sea, but, unfortunately, they soon find themselves in a grave peril, and we get one of the most striking moments in the film as they desperately try to survive amidst a series of treacherous waves.

Fortunately, a lifeguard named Donato (Wagner Moura) swims to the rescue at the right time, but, alas, he only comes to save one of these two guys. When Donato later visits Konrad (Clemens Schick) at a local hospital for telling him more about this unfortunate incident and the following procedure, Konrad looks quiet but seems to be quite devastated about the death of the other guy, who was his old army buddy and was also supposed to run a motorcycle shop with him after returning to Berlin.

When Konrad is subsequently leaving the hospital for going back to his staying place, Donato offers a ride, and Konrad reluctantly accepts Donato’s offer. To our surprise, the movie instantly shows us their sweaty sex in Donato’s car, and you may wonder whether there is actually any particular sign of sexual attraction during their earlier scene at the hospital.

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Anyway, the movie keeps maintaining its calm, detached attitude as Donato and Konrad becomes more attracted to each other. While the search for the body of Konrad’s dead friend seems to be going nowhere, they spend more private time with each other, and we are not so surprised when Konrad indirectly suggests that Donato should go to Berlin along with him.

Donato seems to be willing to leave along with Konrad, but he has an ailing mother and a little younger brother who has worshiped him. During a little intimate scene between Donato and his brother, it is apparent that both of them care about each other a lot, and we get a playful moment when Donato’s brother happens to spend some time along with Donato and Konrad, who kindly lets Donato’s brother ride his motorcycle for a while.

However, we also gradually come to sense Donato’s desire to get away from where he has grown up for years, and that is exemplified well by a wonderful visual moment which works as a crucial narrative point in the story. As going through a training session along with other lifeguards on the beach, Donato seems less enthusiastic than others, and his conflicted state of mind is clearly conveyed to us when the camera shows him being separated from others in the end.

And then the movie quickly moves onto its second act, which is unfolded in Berlin. Donato eventually leaves his hometown, and now he is living with Konrad somewhere in Berlin, but, despite their continuing romance, he is not exactly happy as everything is new and alien to him everyday. Thanks to cinematographer Ali Olay Gözkaya, the cold and gloomy atmosphere of Berlin makes a striking visual contrast with the warm and bright mood of Fortaleza, and we can really feel what makes Donato look sullen and depressed at times. As he glumly goes through the gray winter days of Berlin, he frequently finds himself missing the sunny beach of Fortaleza, and it is poignant to see him trying to quell his homesickness through his occasional fun times with Konrad.

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Eventually, Konrad and Donato become more distant to each other, and there comes another crucial dramatic point where their complicated feelings are conveyed to us only via subtle nuances and gestures. Although it looks like their relationship is over, both of them still hesitate, and we are not so surprised by what happens between them in the end.

After that narrative point, the movie moves onto its third act. After several years, Donato is still living in Berlin, and we get a rather amusing scene when his younger brother, who now becomes a lad as tall as Donato, comes to where Donato currently works. As Donato has never come back to his hometown since he left along with Konrad, Donato’s brother understandably has lots of emotional issues with Donato, and Donato requests some help from Konrad, but the situation becomes more complicated when Donator’s brother later causes a trouble for both Konrad and Donato.

I will not go into details on what happens next, but I can tell you instead that the screenplay by Aïnouz and his co-writer Felipe Bragança smoothly glides from one moment to another as balancing itself well between humor and pathos. Thanks to Aïnouz’s competent direction and the good acting from his three main cast members, the finale is emotionally powerful even though nothing much is expressed on the screen except the foggy sense of uncertainty, and you will probably appreciate what has been carefully built up to that moment.

Overall, “Futuro Beach” is a typical arthouse film which demands some patience from you due to its slow narrative pacing and detached storytelling, so I think you should be well aware of what it is about as well as how it is about in advance. Yes, it is not exactly ‘entertaining’, but it succeeds as much as intended in my humble opinion, and it surely shows us that Aïnouz is another talented filmmaker to watch.

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American Factory (2019) ☆☆☆(3/4): One new factory in post-industrial Ohio

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Netflix documentary “American Factory”, which received the Documentary Directing Award when it was shown at the Sundance Film Festival early in this year, is initially amusing but then becomes more pointed than expected. As closely looking into one particular industrial change in post-industrial Ohio, the documentary generates some amusement from the cultural clash accompanying that change, but then it gradually changes its tone as things get less optimistic for everyone in the picture, and, when the documentary is over, you may find yourself reflecting on that eventual cost of industrial globalization.

The documentary begins with an archival footage clip showing the closing of a General Motors (GM) plant in Dayton, Ohio around the end of 2008. During its peak, this factory had been the main source of income for thousands of local working-class people, but the company decided to shut it down because of the economic depression during the late 2000s, and those factory workers were certainly saddened and devastated as facing their unemployed status which might last for years.

And then, several years later, there came a new big job opportunity for them as a Chinese corporation named Fuyao opened a new manufacturing factory at the very spot which belonged to that GM plant. Although they had to make car windows instead, many of former GM factory workers were eager to learn new things for this job opportunity. Now they get paid quite less than before, but they do not complain much because most of them have been in financially desperate situations, and one of them later shows us how she has been living in the small basement of her sister’s house since she lost her job and house at that gloomy time.

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Anyway, as hoping that they will eventually be rewarded for their diligent work, they try as much as they can, and we see them working along with a bunch of Chinese employees to help and supervise them. While both American and Chinese employees need to keep in mind how much they are different from each other in terms of culture and work ethics, the gap between these two groups eventually becomes less wide as they come to work more with each other, and we get a small humorous moment when several Chinese employees try fishing at a nearby river.

However, despite the optimism among the American and Chinese factory workers, the factory still does not make any substantial profit, and the management department of the factory, which also consists of both American and Chinese guys, is certainly pressured a lot by Cao Dewang, a billionaire who is the chairman of Fuyao. Whenever he visits the factory, Cao frequently expresses his frustration about how things do not go as well as he wished, and he is also quite adamant about not allowing the factory workers to join the United Auto Workers because, well, the union is nothing but a trouble in his capitalistic viewpoint.

The most amusing moment in the documentary comes from when several American managers of the factory are invited to the headquarters of Fuyao in China. When they visit a nearby factory, they are alternatively befuddled and impressed to see that everyone in the factory is quite accustomed to working as much as demanded by the company even though they do not get much reward for that. While there is the company union for these and many other workers out there, it is actually under the control of the Chinese government, and it is also incidentally headed by one of Cao’s close family members.

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Unfortunately, the factory in Dayton continues to dwindle in its underachieving status, and its American workers become more discontent in the meantime. Besides their stagnant wage, there are a number of problems including the frequent failures to communicate between them and Chinese workers, and one employee shows us how it is often frustrating for him to handle this and many other matters as a supervisor everyday.

Eventually, many of American workers in the factory come to demand that the factory should join the United Auto Workers, and that is when the tone of the documentary becomes more serious than before. We see how several different American workers try to persuade other American workers on the necessity of the union, and then we observe how Fuyao attempts to suppress this labor movement. At one point, the company hires a consultant, and this consultant tries as much as paid during his anti-union presentation for the workers of the factory.

While trying to be as objective as possible in their phlegmatic approach, directors/producers Steven Bognar and Julia Reichert, who were previously Oscar-nominated for their short film “The Last Truck: Closing of a GM Plant” (2009), are clearly sympathetic to the workers of the factory, and that aspect is evident when the documentary arrives at its bitter open-ended conclusion. Yes, those many big corporations in our world will not stop at all in their relentless pursuit of more profit and efficiency, and, as reflected by one brief moment shown around the end of the documentary, they will surely welcome a brave new world where they will not have to struggle with human labor anymore thanks to technological advance.

Overall, “American Factory”, which is incidentally the first film from Barack and Michelle Obama’s highly publicized production company Higher Ground, did a commendable job of presenting its subjects with care and concern, and I came to muse a lot on its human moments after watching it. In short, this is another interesting Netflix documentary of this year, and it will certainly enlighten you more on that timeless matter between labor and management.

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Cold Case Hammarskjöld (2019) ☆☆☆(3/4): A compelling conspiracy investigation

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Danish documentary film “Cold Case Hammarskjöld”, which received the World Cinema Documentary Directing Award when it was shown at the Sundance Film Festival early in this year, is about a potentially dubious but undeniably compelling conspiracy investigation. While I still have some skepticism on what is presented in the documentary, I observe its investigation process with curiosity and fascination nonetheless, and, though nothing is clear even at the end of the documentary, I think it ultimately makes some sharp points on the long shadows of European colonialism in the modern African history.

At first, director Mads Brügger, who previously made “The Red Chapel” (2009) and “The Ambassador” (2011), was curious about the rather suspicious circumstance surrounding the death of Dag Hammarskjöld, a Swedish diplomat who was the UN General Secretary during 1953-1961. On September 18th, 1961, Hammarskjöld was going to Ndola, Northern Rhodesia (now Zambia) by plane for handling diplomatic matters involved with the ongoing Congo Crisis, but his plane crashed down to the ground right before arriving in Ndola, and everyone on the plane including him died as a consequence.

While it was concluded in the following investigation that this unfortunate incident was caused by a simple mistake of the pilot, there were some questionable aspects, and it was also rumored that the incident was not accidental at all. After all, as openly advocating many newly independent countries in Africa during his term of office in UN, Hammarskjöld came to have lots of political enemies, and it seemed possible that he was actually assassinated by one of them, though there was no definite evidence to incriminate any of them.

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The starting point of Brügger’s private investigation on Hammarskjöld’s death began with a certain object acquired by the father of his fellow investigator Göran Björkdahl. It is just a small old metal plate, but, according to Björkdahl’s father, it was from Hammarskjöld’s plane, and it has some traces on the surface which suggest that the plane was shot by a smaller jet plane before the crash.

For confirming that possibility, Brügger and Björkdahl went to Ndola, and the documentary shows us their search for a site where Hammarskjöld’s plane was buried not long after the incident. Although their attempt was eventually blocked by local authorities, there were a number of people willing to talk about the incident, and one of them, who was a local photographer at that time, tells us that a certain object which happened to be on Hammarskjöld’s body as shown from one photograph indicates that the CIA was involved in the incident. In addition, there is a former National Security Agency (NSA) guy recounting to us what he heard around the time when the incident happened, and then there is also a former mercenary telling us about a certain colleague of his who allegedly shot down Hammarskjöld’s plane.

In the meantime, the investigation led Brügger and Björkdahl to something else. In 1998, the Truth and Reconciliation Commission in South Africa unearthed a document containing an outline for the assassination of Hammarskjöld, and this document supposedly came from the South African Institute for Maritime Research (SAIMR), a shadowy paramilitary organization which might be associated with MI-6 and the CIA. It could have drawn lots of attentions at that time, but, due to the questionable aspects of the document, it was quickly put aside and then forgotten while both the British government and the US government denied any involvement with SAIMR.

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Through a local journalist, Brügger and Björkdahl came to learn more about Keith Maxwell, who was allegedly one of the leading figures in SAIMR. According to his heavily fictionalized autobiography remaining to be incomplete, Maxwell was involved in numerous shady operations inside and outside South Africa, and it is later revealed that he also ran a number of medical clinics in several townships of South Africa although he was not a doctor.

As Brügger and Björkdahl delved more into Maxwell and SAIMR, there came more puzzles and questions, and their investigation seemed to be reaching to the dead end, but then they encountered two people who confided to them what Maxwell and his organization attempted to do via those clinic of his. According to these two people, SAIMR mainly served the interests of white supremacy in Africa, and the real purpose of Maxwell’s clinics was spreading AIDS in Africa for eradicating the black population of not only South Africa but also several other countries around it.

Now some of you will probably question the credibility of these and other testimonies in the documentary, but the documentary keeps holding our attention thanks to Brügger’s skillful direction coupled with some playful sense of deadpan humor. Brügger and Björkdahl are an engaging duo to watch, and I also enjoyed the occasionally humorous interactions between Brügger and his two African female secretaries, though I often wondered whether these two secretaries are actually hired actresses.

To be frank with you, I usually stay away from conspiracy theories for good reasons, but “Cold Case Hammarskjöld” did a pretty good job of presenting its conspiracy theory with reasonable doubts and questions. I do not believe all of it, but I will not deny that I was constantly entertained during my viewing, so I recommend you to watch it – with some caution, of course.

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The Last Black Man in San Francisco (2019) ☆☆☆1/2(3.5/4): Of a house and the city

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“The Last Black Man in San Francisco” is a seemingly simple but surprisingly rich and powerful drama packed with mood and details to be savored and admired. Although I must confess that it took some time for me to become more interested in the story and characters, I eventually came to appreciate the intimate portrayal of one touching friendship in the film as well as the sincere presentation of the changing urban landscapes on the screen, and the lingering impression left by the movie still grows on me even at this point.

At first, we are introduced to Jimmie (Jimmie Fails) and Montgomery (Jonathan Majors), two African American lads living in San Francisco. As he does not have any other place to stay at present, Jimmie has been residing in a small shabby house belonging to Montgomery’s blind grandfather, and we later see him sleeping along with Montgomery in Montgomery’s tiny bedroom, which looks more like a closet as filled with many stuffs here and there.

As an aspiring playwright, Montgomery searches for any source of inspiration whenever he is not working at a local seafood market, and the movie often gives us small humorous moments from what he observes along with his friend. The opening scene feels rather surreal as showing a group of certain professional workers on a nearby beach area, and then we see a preacher guy who surely has lots of things to say to others passing by him, and then we later see a bunch of young boisterous guys who usually spend time in front of the house of Montgomery’s grandfather.

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In case of Jimmie, he has been obsessed with a certain Victorian house located somewhere in a more gentrified neighborhood of the city, and we get to know why he has been clinging on this house, which looks pretty nice with its old but lovely exterior design clearly showing its long history. According to him, this was built by his grandfather not long after he came to San Francisco after the World War II, and he lived there along with his family when he was a kid, but, unfortunately, his parents came to lose the house later due to their poverty and drug problems.

Now the house belongs to a middle-aged Caucasian couple, but that does not deter Jimmie at all, and Montgomery is willing to assist his friend. They routinely go to the house for fixing or decorating the exterior of the house bit by bit, and this action of theirs is understandably not welcomed much by the current residents of the house. At one point early in the film, a few pieces of croissant are hurled at Jimmie and Montgomery, and that is surely one of the most amusing moments in the film.

Anyway, due to a rather unspecified financial matter involved with family conflict, the current residents of the house subsequently have to leave the house, and Jimmie and Montgomery see an opportunity when they come to learn that the house may remain empty for an indefinite period. After they get Jimmie’s old family furnitures from Jimmie’s aunt who has stored them for years, they promptly move into the house and then begin to squat there. While they look around the gorgeous interior of the house which features numerous interesting things including an old pipe organ, we can clearly sense why Jimmie has been fixated on the house, and it is often touching to see how he takes care of the house with genuine care and pride.

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As they spend more time in the house, Jimmie and Montgomery become more comfortable with their new place, but, of course, they soon come to face the reality. While we are not so surprised to see what happens once the house is officially put on sale later in the story, we gradually come to discern what Jimmie does not want to admit from the beginning, and there eventually comes a moment when Montgomery attempts to make his friend face the truth via his play performed at the house.

Patiently taking its time in establishing the story and characters, the screenplay by director/co-producer Joe Talbot and his co-writer Rob Richert, which is based on the semi-autobiographical story written by Talbot and his lead actor Jimmie Fails, fluidly moves from one small episodic moment to another while never losing the focus on its two main characters. Thanks to cinematographer Adam Newport-Berra, the movie is constantly filled with the vivid sense of locations and people, and I particularly like several glimpses of human eccentricities shown in the film, which is exemplified well by a brief conversation scene between Jimmie and an old man who does not seem to mind being naked at a public spot.

Fails and his co-star Jonathan Majors are engaging to watch with their natural chemistry on the screen, and the movie also allows a number of supporting performers to have each own moment to shine. As Montgomery’s grandfather, Danny Glover is reliable as usual, and several other notable performers including Rob Morgan, Tichina Arnold, Mike Epps, and Finn Wittrock are also equally fine in their respectable roles.

Overall, “The Last Black Man in San Francisco”, which deservedly won the U.S. Dramatic Directing Award and the Special Jury Award when it was shown at the Sundance Film Festival early in this year, is a sublime ode to San Francisco and its people, and it is certainly the impressive feature film debut by Talbot. As many others already said, this is indeed one of the best films of this year, and it will be very interesting to see what may come next from this evidently talented filmmaker.

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Being 17 (2016) ☆☆☆(3/4): A tricky matter of their young hearts

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French film “Being 17” is an intimate adolescent drama revolving around a difficult situation between its two young heroes struggling with a tricky matter of their young hearts. Calmly presenting the dynamic interactions between them, the movie gradually engages us via its dexterous storytelling, and it often touches us more than expected while steadily rolling its story and characters toward the eventual arrival point.

At the beginning, we get to know Damien (Kacey Mottet Klein) and Thomas (Corentin Fila), two very different teenage boys attending the same high school in an Alpine village. While Thomas is the adopted son of a couple running a cattle farm, Damien is the only son of the village doctor and her solider husband, and the movie slowly establishes their respective domestic environments during its first act. Although it may be better for him to move to a spot closer to his school, Thomas prefers to stay around his parents for helping run the farm, and it is apparent that he and his parents care a lot about each other. While his father is frequently absent due to his military missions, Damien has happily lived with his mother Marianne (Sandrine Kiberlain), and he also get some boxing lesson from a neighbor who is an old military buddy of his father.

On one day, Thomas commits an act of bullying to Damien during one of their classes, and we observe how the situation becomes more tense as he continues to bully Damien. While Damien initially maintains his passive attitude without any attempt to fight against Thomas, he eventually comes to clash hard with Thomas in front of everyone, and both of them are subsequently brought to the school principal while accompanied with Marianne, who already met Thomas when she visited his home for his mother’s health problem.

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As feeling sorry for Thomas, Marianne decides to help him a bit, so she suggests that he should stay in her home for a while to improve his school grades. Of course, neither Thomas nor Damien welcomes this suggestion, but Thomas reluctantly agrees to go to Marianne’s house after persuaded by his parents, and he and Damien soon find themselves studying together despite feeling quite awkward.

As time goes by and they accordingly enter the next semester, things get a little better than before. Although they have a rough physical fight outside at one point, Thomas and Damien subsequently become a bit friendlier to each other, probably because that fight resolved whatever had been accumulated between them. In addition, Thomas begins to get higher grades than before, and Marianne is certainly pleased about that.

However, we soon begin to notice another kind of tension developed between Thomas and Damien. It turns out that Damien has been quite attracted to Thomas, and there is an amusing scene where he virtually coerces Thomas to take him to a place belonging to some older guy whom Damien encountered via the Internet. When Damien finds that he is not particularly attracted to that guy, Thomas comes to spend some interesting time with that guy instead, and Damien has no choice but to wait alone for Thomas’ return.

This new tension between Damien and Thomas eventually reaches to another breaking point, and they subsequently become distant to each other, but then there comes an unexpected incident which devastates Damien and his mother a lot. Although he is not so eager to get closer to them again, Thomas comes to stay near them anyway, and Marianne, who already knows what was going on between her son and Thomas, surely appreciates his emotional support.

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As leisurely moving from one narrative point from each other, the screenplay by director André Téchiné and his co-writer Céline Sciamma carefully builds up the emotional momentum around its main characters, and that aspect is reflected well by the beautiful seasonal changes of the rural background of the movie. Thanks to cinematographer Julien Hirsch, there are several vivid landscapes shots to be appreciated, and I particularly like how the snowy background accentuates the restrained mood of the first act of the film.

The movie depends a lot on its main cast members, and they are all solid in their respective roles. While Kacey Mottet Klein, a young Swiss actor who drew my attention for the first time via his unforgettable lead performance in Ursula Meier’s “Sister” (2012), ably conveys to us his character’s emotional conflict without any false note, Corentin Fila effectively complements his co-star with his equally sensitive performance, and Sandrine Kiberlain is also terrific as another crucial part of the story.

On the whole, “Being 17” is worthwhile to watch for good reasons, and I admire the competent direction of Téchiné, who previously directed “The Witnesses” (2007) and “The Girl on the Train” (2009) and recently made “Farewell to the Night” (2019). Although it may require some patience from you due to its rather slow narrative pacing, the movie works well as a fascinating character drama packed with mood and details, and I assure you that you will not be disappointed if you are looking for something more thoughtful and matured than those brainless summer blockbuster flicks.

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Ghost Walk (2018) ☆☆☆(3/4): As time goes backward for her

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South Korean film “Ghost Walk” is a modest but haunting fantasy drama about urban loneliness and isolation. As its heroine calmly journeys backward through her last several days as a ghost, the movie slowly establishes its melancholic mood surrounding her and a few other characters in the story, and we come to reflect more on their gloomy status of existence with some pity and empathy.

The story mainly revolves around Hye-jeong (Han Hae-in), a young woman who works in a factory on the outskirts of some city. While she is currently living with two other young women in her residence, she is not particularly close to them, and she also does not have much interest in responding to the tentative courtship from a male factory worker. When they happen to walk together to her residence on one day, he shows her some care and affection, but she flatly rejects him because, well, she cannot afford a romantic relationship as trying hard to earn her living day by day.

The movie moves forward to several days later, and we see Hye-jeong returning to her residence after going through another usual day at her workplace. She comes across a little girl asking for help, but the girl is somehow disappeared when Hye-jeong looks back at the girl again. As she feels like hearing the girl’s voice from somewhere, Hye-jeong hurriedly goes inside her residence, and she becomes more anxious in the next evening after she reads a notice warning her of the possible danger of walking alone at night.

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And then something happens to Hye-jeong. She subsequently wakes up as a ghost, and, as reflected by the opening line at the beginning of the movie, time goes backward for her night by night. At first, she sees the police examining her death scene after her unconscious body was found then taken to a local hospital, and then she witnesses how much her two roommates are shocked by this unexpected incident. Although they and she did not know each other much despite living together in the same place for a while, they cannot help but emotionally affected by her death, and there is nothing Hye-jeong can do for them as she observes them from the distance.

Whenever she wakes up, Hye-jeong finds herself moved back further into the past, and she comes to know more about a few people’s daily lives surrounding hers. For example, that little girl, named Soo-yang (Gam So-hyun), turns out to be more significant than expected, and there is a sad, poignant moment when she leads Hye-jeong to an abandoned place and then shows what happened to her not long before Hye-jeong’s incident. In case of Hyo-yeon (Jeon So-nee), who is one of Hye-jeong’s roommates, it subsequently turns out that she has been under a very desperate financial situation, and Hye-jeong accordingly comes to realize that she could have helped Hyo-yeon and, to some extent, Soo-yang, if she had showed more care and attention to them.

The movie feels undeniably bleak on the whole, but then it gradually generates some emotional warmth via the unlikely relationship development between Hye-jeong and Soo-yang later in the story. She finds that she can somehow communicate with Soo-yang although Soo-yang cannot see her, and the story eventually becomes a little more tense as Hye-jeong later attempts to do something for Hyo-yeon as well as Soo-yang.

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Nevertheless, the movie keeps sticking to its slow narrative pacing under the competent direction of director/writer Yu Eun-jeong, who previously made several short films before making this first feature film of hers. As she steadily maintains the stark atmosphere on the screen, the sense of loneliness and isolation surrounding its female main characters becomes more palpable to us, and we are reminded more of their considerable social vulnerability. They are all alone in each own way, and the movie indirectly emphasizes the importance of social solidarity via its sobering presentation of their isolated situations.

As the emotional anchor of the movie we can hold onto, newcomer Han Hae-in ably carries the film with her unadorned lead performance, and she is also supported well by several good performers in the film. While Jeon So-nee, who previously played a crucial supporting character in “After My Death” (2017), demonstrates here that she is another talented young actress to watch, young performer Gam So-hyun is effortlessly natural as doing more than holding her own place well beside Han, and Lee Geun-hoo is well-cast in his small but substantial supporting role.

Although “Ghost Walk” may demand you some patience for its slow narrative pacing and low-key mood, but it is a rewarding experience which will leave you some lasting impression. This is one of the notable debut feature films of this year in South Korea, and it will surely show you that Yu is another talented South Korean female filmmaker who deserves more attention and support.

By the way, I must confess that I unfortunately felt drowsy at times due to my physical condition while I watched the movie along with a group of audiences in a rather small screening room during last afternoon. I am not that sure about whether I absorbed and understood everything in the film, but I still had a fairly interesting time with it at least, and I am certainly willing to revisit it for appreciating its good elements more.

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